GOST 12636-67

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  ГОСТ 12636-67

GOST 12636−67 of magnetic magnetic high frequency Materials. Test methods in the frequency range from 1 to 200 MHz

GOST 12636−67

Group П99*
__________________________________________
* In the index «National standards», 2008
group В89. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

STATE STANDARD

OF MAGNETIC MAGNETIC HIGH FREQUENCY MATERIALS

Test methods in the frequency range from 1 to 200 MHz

High frequency magnet malleable materials.
Testing methods at the range from I to 200 mc*

________________
* The text matches the original. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

Date of introduction 1969−01−01

APPROVED by the Committee of standards, measures and measuring instruments under the USSR Council of Ministers 16/II, 1967


This standard applies to high-frequency of magnetic magnetic materials used in electronics: magnetodielectrics (based on carbonyl iron and aliferov) and ferrites, and establishes methods for their testing.

The standard does not specify test methods ferrites used in microwave range, ferrites with rectangular hysteresis loop.

This standard establishes the following test methods of magnetic magnetic materials in the frequency range from 1 to 200 MHz in weak magnetic fields with a strength equal to or less than 0.1 of coercive force:

bridge method;

resonance method.

The formulas are in the table and the letter symbols in the formula are in Appendix 1.

1. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

1.1. Characteristics of magnetic magnetic high frequency materials

High frequency of magnetic magnetic materials are designed to work mainly in weak fields. The most important characteristic is the complex magnetic permeability :

,

where:

 — describes reversible processes;

represents the irreversible dissipation of energy;

 — imaginary unit.

In practice I use values of initial magnetic permeability and tangent of the angle magnetic losses :

.

The initial magnetic permeability () is called the limit to which aims at reducing the external magnetic field to zero.

The standard provides the following definition of the characteristics of magnetic magnetic materials:

the initial magnetic permeability ;

tangent of magnetic losses ;

the temperature coefficient of the initial magnetic permeability (), defined as the relative change in the initial magnetic permeability in a predetermined range of temperature:

,

where:

 — the value of the initial magnetic permeability with temperature ;

 — the value of the initial magnetic permeability with temperature ;

 — the temperature of the start of the experiment in °K;

 — the temperature of the end of the experiment in °K;

frequency dependence of initial magnetic permeability;

the frequency dependence of the tangent of magnetic losses;

dependence of magnetic permeability versus the amplitude of external magnetic field;

dependence of the tangent of the angle magnetic losses of the amplitude of the external magnetic field.

1.2. Sampling and preparation for testing

Determination of parameters of magnetic magnetic materials in the above frequency range is produced by measuring the total resistance of the magnetizing element, a measuring circuit. The test material is placed in a magnetic field, makes some changes to active and reactive components of the impedance by which to judge the characteristics of the magnetic material.

The measurement of magnetic parameters carried out on samples with ring shape.

Sizes of samples for testing should be chosen so that the ratio of external diameter to internal was equal to 2 or 2.5, and the minimum outer diameter of 15 mm. the Optimal size should be: outside diameter — 22 mm; interior — 11 mm; thickness — 5 mm.

The geometric dimensions: outer diameter and inner diameter and thickness of the sample is measured with an accuracy to the third significant digit, and for sizes less than 10 mm with a precision of two significant digits.

Before testing the samples of magnetic magnetic materials are subjected to temperature and magnetic preparation in accordance with the requirements of standards or technical specifications for this material.

In the presence of normal samples allowed the use of relative methods of measuring magnetic parameters of magnetic magnetic materials.

For calibration of the apparatus used required normal samples of magnetic magnetic materials, together with the applicable equipment certified in organizations of Committee of standards, measures and measuring devices under Council of Ministers of the USSR. In the normal samples used as ring cores, past aging.

1.3. Tests carried out at an ambient temperature of 298±10 °K (25 °C±10 ° C), relative humidity 80% and atmospheric pressure 100000±4000 n/m(750±30 mm Hg.St.).

1.4. Equipment

1.4.1. For testing of magnetic magnetic materials in the frequency range from 1 to 100 MHz using the following equipment:

single T-shaped bridge;

double T-shaped bridge;

measuring impedance;

meter full conduction;

double-Permeameter;

single-loop Permeameter;

dual temperature Permeameter;

measuring q;

solenoid;

the coil sensor with a small number of turns;

the generator of standard signals;

frequency;

electronic voltmeter;

attenuator;

adjustment unit temperatures;

recorder;

measuring a sensitive receiver or amplifier.

Characteristics of the devices are given in annexes 2, 3, 4, 5.

1.4.2. As the magnetizing device used Combi Permeameter (at a frequency of from 1 MHz to 30 MHz) and single-loop Permeameter (at a frequency of from 30 to 200 MHz), which are attached to the terminals of the meter bridge or resonant type.

Double-Permeameter is a high frequency transformer, the primary winding consists of few turns and the secondary winding is a closed loop-body in a magnetic field of which is placed the test sample.

Single-loop Permeameter is a coaxial coil in a magnetic field of which is placed the test sample.

1.4.3. The device specified in claim 1.4.2 represent the accessories designed to work with meters, full resistance full conduction, merit.

Used meter should be capable to measure with an error of less than ±5% for the reactive component and ±10% for the active component of the measured conductance or resistance.

Note. When using the Permeameter by measuring the impedance or full conduction of a type requires that the terminal device of the Permeameter and the meter agree with each other.

1.4.4. To measure the magnetic field at the location of the sample used the following tools:

the coil sensor;

the cylindrical single-layer solenoid with a known cross-sectional area, certified by state Committee of standards, measures and measuring devices under Council of Ministers of the USSR.

These devices used together with the following serial devices: a generator of standard signals, a measuring receiver or measurement amplifier, attenuator and voltmeter (Fig.1).

1 — frequency; 2 — coil sensor; 3 — measuring receiver; 4 — output display device;
5 — generator of standard signals; 6 — pad; 7 — gauge field (solenoid);
8 — field test; 9 — electronic voltmeter

Damn.1

1.4.5. Determination of the temperature dependence of the magnetic permeability and angle of the magnetic losses produced by a temperature Permeameter special design. For temperature testing used the following equipment:

double-pressure Permeameter (Fig.2, Annex 2);

the unit adjust temperature to maintain the set temperature with an accuracy of ±0.5 °K;

chart recorder for temperature recording accuracy class 0.5;

valve device for adjusting the negative temperatures.

1.5. Preparing equipment for the tests

1.5.1. When measuring bridge method is necessary to assemble the system in accordance with the block diagram (Fig.2).

1 — alternator; 2 — axle; 3 — measuring receiver (amplifier);
4 — electronic voltmeter; 5 — frequency

Damn.2

1.5.2. When measuring the resonance method with the use of double-circuit and single-circuit Permeameter, their electrodes are attached to the terminals of measuring q.

1.5.3. Measurement of the magnetic field should be performed by comparison with a model field of the same frequency. As the source of reference field can be the solenoid, is enabled on the generator output standard signals.

For the measurement of magnetic field intensity are collected at the installation flowchart (Fig.1). The voltmeter is used in cases where the generator is missing or is of insufficient sensitivity of the indicating instrument, voltmeter are connected in parallel to the input attenuator.

1.5.4. When performing temperature testing to temperature Permeameter joined: adjustment unit temperature (heater winding), water supply (fittings for stabilising the water jacket), recorder (to the output of the thermocouple).

For temperature measurements collected installation flowchart features.3.

1 — temperature Permeameter; 2 — block adjusting temperature; 3 — measuring q;
4 — potentiometer self-recording

Damn.3

1.5.5. All the appliances are include and ready to work according to the instructions for their use.

1.5.6. Correct Assembly of the flow charts in PP.1.5.1; 1.5.2 and 1.5.4 verify using normal samples.

The correct Assembly setup for measurement of magnetic field intensity (Fig.1) check by putting 5 times the coil sensor in the calibration field and recording the readings of the output device 4, the scatter of the readings of which at constant value of the readings 9 shall not exceed its margin of error.

2. TESTING

2.1. Measuring bridge method is produced in the following order:

a) set the oscillator frequency;

b) set up measuring receiver to the frequency of the generator;

C) balance the bridge in accordance with the operation manual;

g) record the readings in accordance with the PP.1 and 2 of the table;

d) put the test sample into a special chamber to increase the length of the line on the value of the height of the sample (for a double T-shaped bridge);

e) produce a second balancing bridge;

g) record the readings in the second trim;

h) compute the result using the formulae in paragraphs.1 and 2 of the table.

2.2. Measurement of the resonance method using dual Permeameter produced in the following order:

a) set the frequency of measuring q in accordance with the selected Permeameter;

b) produces a measurement of the resonance capacitance and the quality factor of the Permeameter open secondary winding (idle);

C) produce a measurement of the resonance capacitance and the quality factor of the Permeameter with a closed short-circuited secondary winding (short circuit);

g) produce a measurement of the resonance capacitance and the quality factor of the Permeameter with the test sample;

d) record the measurements in subparagraphs b, in, g, and perform calculations in accordance with the design equations of section 3 of the table.

2.3. When measuring the resonance method using single-loop Permeameter measurements produced in the following order:

a) determine the resonance capacitance and the quality factor of the Permeameter without the test sample;

b) determine the resonance capacitance and the quality factor with the test sample;

C) record the results of measurements and perform calculations in accordance with the design equations in clause 4 of the table.

2.4. When measuring magnetic permeability and magnetic loss angle bridge or resonance method, it is necessary to determine the magnetic field strength.

The magnetic field is determined in the following order:

a) the input of the measuring receiver (e.g., A5−1) include a coil sensor. This coil is placed in the test field and the receiver is set to the resonance frequency of this field;

b) the frequency of the studied field generator set up standard signal, the output of which solenoid is on;

C) the sensor is transferred into the solenoid and adjust the generator output standard signals to achieve the same as when you place a sensor in the monitoring field, the deviations of the output device of the receiver;

g) record measurements and make calculations in accordance with sub.3−5 of the table.

2.5. To determine the temperature dependence:

a) place the sample in the temperature chamber;

b) set the speed of the flow of water;

C) set the unit adjust temperature to a predetermined temperature at which doing a twenty-minute excerpt, and then watch the readings every minute. The temperature considered established if the five samples taken in a row, have the same magnitude;

g) recording the measurement result;

d) repeat the procedures given in subparagraphs a, b, in, g for different temperature and carry out the calculation in accordance with paragraph 5 of the table.

Note. Previous temperature training of the sample is carried out in accordance with the technical specifications on the material from which it is made.

2.6. Allow the definition of temperature dependence of magnetic permeability with temperature of the Permeameter and measuring bridge.

3. CALCULATION OF TEST RESULTS

3.1. Calculation of initial permeability and tangent of the angle magnetic losses, temperature coefficient of initial permeability is produced by the formulas given in the table.

3.2. To speed up the determination of the parameters of the test material, the measurements with the use of double-circuit Permeameter allowed to use graphics based on initial magnetic permeability and the tangent of the magnetic losses from the experimental data on measuring q-values of q-factor and resonant tank, built according to the formulas given in item 3 of the table.

On the heck.4 shows a graphical dependence of one of the samples at a frequency of 1 MHz when using dual Permeameter. Similar graphs can be constructed for other frequencies and sizes in accordance with the formulas in the table.

Damn.4

3.3. The magnitude of the magnetic field is calculated by the formula:

,

where:

 — tension of the investigated field (peak value) in a/m;

is the amplitude of the voltage applied to the solenoid, in;

 — frequency of the studied fields in 1/sec;

the cross — sectional area of the solenoid in meters.

The measurement error field is determined by the measurement error , since the error of measurement , and less than 0.1%.

APPENDIX 1. A list of basic letter symbols in formulas standard

ANNEX 1 GOST 12636−67

APPENDIX 2.

ANNEX 2 to GOST 12636−67

The design NGIEP Combi Permeameter shown in hell.1. The primary winding Permeameter deposited on the toroidal core 10 of magnetic material with high permeability and low losses (the primary core).

Damn.1

A secondary winding is solid copper which closes the cylinder 8, covering the primary winding and the measured toroidal core 4. The primary core is placed on the bottom of the cylinder; the ends of the coil output to lugs 1 special design of the through holes 2 in the bottom of the case. Lugs attached to the existing lower housing PTFE plate 11. A second PTFE plate 9 separates the primary from the core is measured. As the shorting device applied to the lid 6 with a Cam bolt 7tightly pressing the copper plate 5 of the contact surface to the cylinder. The screen 3 is provided for eliminating capacitive coupling between the cores.

Set Permeameter consists of five high-frequency Permeameter the type of HPV that operate on fixed frequencies:

HPV-1 — at a frequency of 1 MHz;

HPV-2 is at a frequency of 5 MHz;

HPV-2 is at a frequency of 10 MHz;

HPV-2 is at a frequency of 20 MHz;

HPV-2 is at a frequency of 30 MHz.

The set of such permeameters can be made to any sizes of the ring core, thus to obtain the necessary sensitivity and resolving power of the q-factor of the Permeameter, closed lid (short circuit) shall not be less than 50 units and differ from the quality of the Permeameter with the lid open (idling) at least twice.

The resonance of the tank should have average for a given measuring q value and the difference shall not be less than 10 PF (resonance capacity in the short circuit mode, is the same for the idle mode).

The same requirements should be followed when constructing a single-circuit and temperature Permeameter.

On the heck.2 given the design of the developed NGIEP dual Permeameter to study the properties of ferrites depending on the temperature, which is in contrast to the dual Permeameter, shown on features.1, has the following additional built-in parts in the cylinder chamber is placed in the heat chamber 1 and connecting the ends of the wires from the heating element are output on the connector 3. For cooling and stabilizing the water jacket 4 and in the cavity of the Central rod 5 is circulating running water.

Damn.2

For low temperature tests used cryo-chamber 2, which pressure is liquid nitrogen. In the process, at positive temperatures the nitrogen chamber is replaced by additional water jacket.

On the heck.3 shows a single-loop Permeameter, which is a coaxial coil, the outer conductor of which is tube-case 1, middle core 2 is the inner conductor and are integrally formed with a cover — korotkovskaya jumper 3.

Damn.3

APPENDIX 3. Instrument used to measure high-frequency fields

ANNEX 3 to GOST 12636−67

In assessing the field strength at high frequencies based on the following assumptions: the induction field created by some circuit in the vacuum, will , it is connected with the field intensity ratio:

,

where  — magnetic constant.

The value of the magnetic flux () for the loop-inductance can be written as:

as ;

here

,

where is the area of the circuit.

Since the current created by the voltage drop on the circuit, which resistance ,

.

The obtained expression shows that the tension can be evaluated using a device which measured EMF.

.

If the test is known and the fields induced in the sensing element of the device voltage is the same, then the tension is equal (up to a constant factor). This allows you to take measurement of high frequency magnetic fields the block diagram presented in claim 1.4.1, hell.1.

Design built GIMIP the strength meter high frequency magnetic fields given on features.4.

1 — body; 2 — frame solenoid; 3 — winding of the solenoid; 4 — wire connector;
5 — connector coaxial

Damn.4

In the metal case the screen is placed a calibrated DC solenoid, which is energized from the generator of standard signals. On the outer side of the casing includes socket 75 Ohm connectors, of which the average is intended for connecting the solenoid with the generator of standard signals, one extreme is to connect the solenoid with a voltmeter, the other for frequency. Voltmeter and frequency meter shall apply, if as a source of EMF applied to the generator of standard signals and any other.

The solenoid is attached to the probe, made in the form of a coil with small number of turns located at an angle of 45° to the axis (Fig.5). The coil is equipped with a shielded cable terminating in a male connector of 75 Ohm.

1 — coil sensor; 2 — tube; 3 — sleeve; 4 — handle; 5 — a cable 75-Ohm connector with pin

Damn.5

The advantage of this method is its simplicity, as well as the actual lack of influence of error of the measuring instrument, because the measurements are essentially zero method, and the calculated formula is the cross-sectional area of the calibration solenoid which can be obtained, atstovas it at a constant current with accuracy up to ±0.1%.

ANNEX 4. Equipment used for testing of magnetic magnetic materials in the range from 1 to 200 MHz produced by the industry

4 APPLICATION to GOST 12636−67

Also recommended for measurement can be used devices with technical characteristics similar to or better than specified and their attorneys in the prescribed manner.

APPENDIX 5. Accessories and ancillary apparatus for magnetic testing in the frequency range from 1 to 200 MHz

ANNEX 5 GOST 12636−67