GOST R 55805-2013
GOST R 55805−2013 nondestructive testing. Acoustic method of control of the texture of rolled sheets. General requirements
GOST R 55805−2013
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Nondestructive testing
ACOUSTIC METHOD OF CONTROL OF THE TEXTURE OF ROLLED SHEETS
General requirements
Non-destructive testing. Ultrasonic monitoring of texture in rolled steel sheets. General requirements
OKS 77.040.10
Date of introduction 2015−01−01
Preface
1 DEVELOPED by Autonomous non-commercial organization «Scientific-research center of control and diagnostics of technical systems» (ANO «nits KD»), Closed joint stock company «Special design Bureau «Infotrans» (CJSC «Infotrans»)
2 SUBMITTED by the Technical Committee for standardization TC 132 «Technical diagnostics"
3 APPROVED AND put INTO EFFECT by the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology, dated 22 November 2013 No. 1671-St
4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
Application rules of this standard are established in GOST R 1.0−2012 (section 8). Information about the changes to this standard is published in the annual (as of January 1 of the current year) reference index «National standards» and the official text changes and amendments — in monthly information index «National standards». In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard a notification will be published in a future issue of information index «National standards». Relevant information, notification and lyrics are also posted in the information system of General use — on the official website of the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology on the Internet (gost.ru)
Introduction
Sheet hire of various structural materials widely used in the manufacture of many structural elements.
Technology of production inevitably leads to the appearance of texture and, as a consequence of the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the material. The excess of the anisotropy of the given values leads to a decrease in the strength of marriage because of poor stanoevski, a large waste of metal, the violation of the production technology of mass production. Spatial heterogeneity of anisotropy can lead to dangerous residual stresses in the finished product and the deterioration of their performance and reliability parameters.
In this standard the procedure of determination of textural anisotropy of the material the sheet metal as semi-finished products and finished products.
This standard is designed to provide a methodological basis for the application of the acoustic method to determine the parameters of texture anisotropy on the basis of complex measurements using polarized elastic waves.
1 Scope
This standard applies to the experimental determination of characteristics of the texture of rolled sheets with a thickness of 2 to 200 mm acoustic method using ploskopolyarizovanny transverse elastic waves.
The standard establishes the basic requirements to the procedure of determining the texture of the acoustic echo method using electro-acoustic transducers of elastic waves in manual mode scanning the surface of the test object.
As the quantitative characteristics of texture it is recommended to use the value of acoustic anisotropy.
Installed standard method can be applied both in laboratory studies and operation of technical objects for various purposes.
2 Normative references
This standard uses the regulatory references to the following standards:
GOST 7.32−91 System of standards on information, librarianship and publishing. The report on research work. The structure and rules of registration
GOST R ISO 5725−2-2002 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of methods and measurement results. Part 2. The basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method
GOST 12.1.001−89 System safety standards. Ultrasound. General safety requirements
GOST 12.1.004−91 System safety standards. Fire safety. General requirements
GOST 12.1.019−79 System of standards of occupational safety. Electrical safety. General requirements and nomenclature of types of protection
GOST 12.1.038−82 standards System of labor safety. Electrical safety. The maximum permissible values of the touch voltage and currents
GOST 12.2.003−91 System safety standards. Equipment production. General safety requirements
GOST 12.3.002−75 System safety standards. The process of production. General safety requirements
GOST 2768−84 Acetone. Specifications
GOST 2789−73 surface Roughness. Parameters and characteristics
GOST 10587−84* epoxy-Dianova uncured. Specifications
________________
* Consistent with the original. — Note the manufacturer’s database.
GOST 17299−78 ethyl Alcohol technical. Specifications
GOST 20415−82 nondestructive testing. Methods acoustic. General provisions
GOST 22727−88 the rolled sheet. Methods of ultrasonic testing
GOST 23829−85 nondestructive testing acoustic. Terms and definitions
GOST 26266−90 nondestructive testing. The ultrasonic transducers. General technical requirements
Note — When using this standard appropriate to test the effect of reference standards in the information system of General use — on the official website of the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology on the Internet or in the annual information index «National standards» published as on January 1 of the current year, and the editions of the monthly information index «National standards» for the current year. If replaced with a reference standard, which was given an undated reference, then it is recommended to use the current version of this standard, taking into account all enabled in this version modifications. If replaced with a reference standard, which is given a dated reference, it is recommended to use the version of this standard referred to above by year of approval (acceptance). If after approval of this standard in the reference standard, which is given a dated reference, a change affecting a provision to which reference, the provision is recommended to be applied without taking into account this change. If the reference standard is cancelled without replacement, the position in which reference is made to him, recommended to be used in part not affecting this link.
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 this standard uses the terms according to GOST 22727 and GOST 23829.
3.2 this standard applies the following designations:
| — the thickness of rolling, mm; | |
| — the speed of propagation of transverse elastic waves in the material rolled, m/s; | |
| — effective frequency of the ultrasonic pulses, MHz; | |
— the duration of the scan, providing visualization | |
— polarization parallel to the direction of rolling, and | |
— delay of the first reflected pulse of a transverse elastic wave with polarization vector parallel to the direction of rolling, when | |
— delay | |
— delay of the first reflected pulse of a transverse elastic wave with polarization vector perpendicular to the direction of rolling, when | |
| — the number of retries for acoustic measurements; | |
| — the absolute accuracy of measuring the time intervals used by the means of measurement, MS; | |
— the value of the acoustic anisotropy of the material at | |
| — the average value of the acoustic anisotropy; | |
| — the relative error of determining the acoustic anisotropy established in the technical assignment control; | |
| — actual relative error of determining the acoustic anisotropy. |
;3.3 this standard applies the following abbreviations:
| OK | — the object of control; |
| TP | — the texture of the rental; |
| TOU | — ultrasonic pulse; |
| SI | — measurement means; |
| EAP | — electroacoustic transducer (piezoelectric or electromagnetic-acoustic); |
| PEP | — piezoelectric transducer; |
| EMAT | — electromagnetic acoustic transducer. |
4 General provisions
4.1 Method based on using the dependence of the velocity of transverse elastic waves propagating along the thickness of products, from the direction of the polarization vector relative to the direction of rolling [1, 2].
4.2 as features TP uses the value of acoustic anisotropy due to the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of material and calculated as the relative difference between the delay of UI, propagating normal to the surface of the hire and polarized perpendicular and along the direction, respectively.
4.3 the Method is implemented by the manual method of ultrasonic contact testing with the use of direct combined or dual probe churchyard 26266 or EMAT.
4.4 Optimal output «microburst» of high frequency (ultrasonic) filling the envelope smooth and effective duration (at the level of 0.6 of the maximum amplitude), equal to 2−4 periods of the fundamental frequency.
4.5 Define the acoustic anisotropy is averaged over the path of propagation of the TOU.
5 safety Requirements
5.1 measurements allow operators with skills of equipment operation ultrasonic inspection, able to use national and industry normative and technical documents on the acoustic control techniques, trained to work with used C and are certified for knowledge of safety regulations in the relevant sector of industry.
5.2 When control of TP operator should be guided by GOST 12.1.001, GOST 12.2.003,GOST 12.3.002 and safety regulations in the operation of electrical 12.1.019 according to GOST and GOST
5.3 Measurement is carried out in accordance with the safety requirements specified in the operating instructions of the equipment, part of the used SI.
5.4 Facilities for measurements shall meet the requirements in [3] — and [4].
________________
* See Bibliography, POS.[3]. — Note the manufacturer’s database.
5.5 At the organization of works on control of the TA must be complied with fire safety requirements according to GOST
6 Requirements for measuring instruments
6.1 as SI can be used installing collected from production equipment, and specialized instruments to determine time intervals between the repeatedly reflected UI, propagating in the material is OK, certified and verified in the prescribed manner.
6.2 SI needs to provide the measurement of the echo method using the UI with a smooth envelope.
6.3 SI needs to provide the possibility of radiation and reception of UI with an effective rate of 2.5 to 10 MHz.
6.4 In the set SI must enter EAP that provides radiation and reception of pulses of transverse elastic waves propagating normal to the surface of the rental.
If the EAP probes are used, they shall meet the requirements of GOST 26266 and contain transversely polarized piezoelastic (one or two depending on the type of Converter combined, or dual, respectively). As direct combined PEP can be used converters «Panametrics» (USA).
6.5 Software the SI must provide the possibility of selecting any of the reflected UI and search for the required sampling points of the profile of pulses.
6.6 Primary acoustic information for each dimension should always be stored on external media, protected from unauthorized access.
6.7 Documentation the SI shall contain the measurement procedure and the documents that establish:
— the purpose and scope SI;
— the composition and main characteristics of the hardware and software, including error of measurement of the parameters of the UI;
— methods and means of achieving the compatibility of SI, including data, electrical, energy, software, development, and operational;
rules of aggregation of hardware and software and their interaction.
6.8 description of the functionality of SI in the operational, engineering and programme documents should reflect the specifications of the hardware and software.
6.9 Operating characteristics of the SI must conform to the requirements of the specifications and of this standard.
6.10 Ancillary devices and materials
6.10.1 For surface preparation OK using the grinding tool, providing a surface roughness in accordance with 7.3.
6.10.2 For degreasing surfaces used alcohol according to GOST 17299 or acetone churchyard 2768.
6.10.3 To enter the transverse vibrations applied epoxy resin according to GOST 10587, couplant SWC company «Panametrics», med.
The viscosity of the contact liquid at the temperature of measurement should correspond to the viscosity of the epoxy resin at 25°C: 12−25 kg/(m·s) according to GOST 10587.
6.10.4 When the control is used in containers for storing contact liquid, a brush for applying a contact fluid on the surface OK, rags for wiping of ultrasonic equipment and the operator’s hands, a metal ruler 500 mm for marking the surface is OK, the marker or chalk to label on is controlled by OK magazine for business records.
7 Requirements for building control
7.1 the Material is OK must not contain invalid delamination, inclusions and other defects detected acoustic echo method.
7.2 to avoid reverb and transverse resonance for the width is OK it should be at least three transverse dimensions of the EAP.
7.3 surface Roughness of OK in the areas of measurement — not more than 2.5 µm according to GOST 2789.
Note — the Method does not guarantee the required accuracy of control of TP, if the surface roughness is OK than 2.5 microns.
7.4 surface Temperature is OK in the areas of measurement should be in the range from 5 °C to 40 °C.
7.5 Before installing the probe surface OK cleaned of dirt, scale, rust and degreased.
8 the Procedure for preparation of the control
8.1 On the basis of technical documentation on «OK «define the values in the areas of measurement.
8.2 On the basis of reference data or experimentally determined value .
8.3 Choose EAP, the effective pulse frequency which, depending on has the following values:
— with 2 to 3 mm
10 MHz;
— if from 3 to 10 mm
5 MHz;
— when more than 10 mm
2,5 MHz.
8.4 Identify the location of the zones of measurement of TP.
8.5 put a layer of contact liquid on the prepared surface OK.
8.6 Include SI, check its performance when displaying video device timebase of the received signals.
The duration of the sweep should provide a visualization of the at least two reflected TOU.
8.7 Check on the time scan pulses caused by the presence of zones of measurement of the additional reflecting boundaries (delaminations, cracks, pores, etc.) in the material is OK and not detected in the flaw detection process controls.
8.8 On the basis of technical documentation on C determine the value .
8.9 On the basis of technical control requirements determine the size .
8.10 calculate the minimum value of the sweep that renders th reflected pulse and ensure you can measure
with a given accuracy by the formula
where is the hardware delay of the probe pulse, µs, defined by the technical characteristics of the used SI.
8.11 Get the waveform of signals when the value of the sweep .
8.12 Estimate the ratio of the amplitude of the th reected pulse to the average value of the noise level. If this ratio exceeds 10 dB, determining the magnitude of acoustic anisotropy with a given relative error is considered possible.
8.13 If the ratio «signal/noise» for -th reflected pulse is less than 10 dB, then successively reduce the value
per unit as long as the value of the ratio «signal/noise» will not be more than 10 dB.
Expect the actual error of determination of acoustic anisotropy according to the formula
and then make a decision about carrying out measurements with a reduced compared to the error or replace a SI more accurate, providing the ratio of
9 the Procedure for conducting control and processing rules results
9.1 Monitoring is carried out according to the technical documentation developed under shot 20415.
9.2 In the selected measuring area set EAP with the direction of the polarization vector along the direction of rolling.
Note — For OK with an unknown direction of rolling are experimentally establish this direction, what are the measurements of UI latency in accordance with 9.4, rotating the sensor around a vertical axis. The direction of rolling corresponds to the maximum delay value.
9.3 Get the waveform of reflected pulses, the form of which is schematically shown in figure 1.
Figure 1 — Waveform in-depth interview with the polarization vectors parallel to the direction of rolling
1, the first reflected MI —
th reflected TOU.
Figure 1 — Waveform in-depth interview with the polarization vectors parallel to the direction of rolling
9.4 For the first and -th reflected pulse determine the delay
and
as follows [5]:
— software used SI detects a signal exceeding a threshold im-chooser
— delay of UI is defined as the point in time at which the signal goes to zero.
9.5 Calculate the value according to the formula
9.6 If 2, then check synphasicity in reading points of the first and
-th reflected UI, which in accordance with 9.4 and 9.5 to determine the value
and verify the fairness of the ratio
9.7 subject to the relations (5) perform the action 9.9.
9.8 failure to comply With relationship (5) value is calculated according to the formula
where 
Calculated by the formula
________________
* Formula conforms to the original. — Note the manufacturer’s database.
9.9 EAP Rotate 90°.
9.10 Measured value in accordance with 9.4−9.8.
9.11 Action 9.4−9.10 repeat at least 5 times.
9.12 Compute the array of values according to the formula
________________
* Formula conforms to the original. — Note the manufacturer’s database.
9.13 an Array of values to check for outliers in accordance with GOST R ISO 5725−2.
9.14 Determine the average value of acoustic anisotropy according to the formula
9.15 calculate the coefficient of variation of measurement results according to the formula
where is the standard deviation calculated according to the formula
9.16 Compare the value with a valid value of the relative error
, which is in accordance with 8.12, 8.13 equal
or
.
If you ratio
the calculated values of the acoustic anisotropy choose the resulting value , otherwise the number of dimensions
increase and actions for 9.2−9.15 repeat until the value of the coefficient of variation reaches a value
.
Note — failure to meet the coefficient of variation of no more than
decide on the definition of acoustic anisotropy with reduced accuracy or the inability of the measurements.
10 Rules for registration of measurement results
10.1 the results of the measurements are fixed in the Protocol, the form of which is given in Appendix A.
Additional information to be logged, the order of processing and storage Protocol should be set in the technical documents for the control.
10.2 If the control of TP is part of the research work, the measurement should be made in accordance with the requirements of GOST 7.32.
Annex a (recommended). Form of the control Protocol
Appendix A
(recommended)
| «CLAIM» Head | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| name of the organization | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| personal signature, | initials, surname | |||||||||||||||||||||
| » | » | 20 | G. | |||||||||||||||||||
| PROTOCOL control of the texture of rolled sheets (technical object, a controlled phase of a technical object) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 measurement date | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 organization conducting the measurement | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 the owner of the object | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Data about the object: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| appointment | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| the manufacturer and manufacturing methods of the object | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| the thickness of the material in the measurement area | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| surface condition | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| for more information about the object | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 Sketch of the facility showing the location of areas of measurements and their | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| numbering (listed in the Annex to the Protocol) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6 Data on materials of the object | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| country of origin | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| brand materials (with indication of national or other standard) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| manufacturing technology | ||||||||||||||||||||||
7 Effective frequency of the ultrasonic pulses | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 8 the surface temperature of the object °C | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9 the Greatest value of the relative error of determination | ||||||||||||||||||||||
acoustic anisotropy | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Table 1 — Results of measurements in the areas of | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| N of the measuring area |
1 | 2 | 3 | … | … | |||||||||||||||||
| Acoustic anisotropy | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Measurements performed by the operator | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| personal signature |
initials, surname | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Head of laboratory NDT | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| personal signature | initials, surname | |||||||||||||||||||||
Bibliography
[1] Nondestructive control. Handbook ed. by V. V. Klyuev, vol. 3. M.: Mashinostroenie, 2004. 864 p.
[2] The Angles A. L., Erofeev V. I., Smirnov A. N. Monitoring equipment during production and operation. M.: Nauka, 2009. 280 p.
[3] SNiP II-M. 2−72* Public buildings and facilities. Design standards
________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation the document is not valid. Are SNiP 2.09.03−85, SNiP II-89−80. — Note the manufacturer’s database.
[4] CH 245 -71 Sanitary design standards of industrial enterprises
[5] measuring the Standard samples, the time of passage of ultrasonic signals. The determination of basic metrological characteristics. IMP UB RAS, Ekaterinburg, 2007. 16 S.
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UDC 620.172.1:620.179.16:006.354 OKS 77.040.10
Key words: echo method, ultrasonic pulse, delayed pulse, electro-acoustic transducer, acoustic anisotropy, shear wave, the polarization vector
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The electronic text of the document
prepared by JSC «Code» and checked by:
the official publication of the
M.: STANDARTINFORM, 2014
