Steel 45L
Designation
| Name |
The value |
| Designation GOST Cyrillic |
45Л |
| Designation GOST Latin |
45L |
| Transliteration |
45L |
| The chemical elements |
45 |
Description
45L steel is used: for the manufacture of castings working parts for wear; machine beds, gears and gear rings, brake discs, clutches, casings, rollers, sprockets and other parts, which are requirements of high strength and high wear resistance under static and dynamic loads; casting parts mining and metallurgical machinery; casting investment casting for aircraft industry group I — loaded items with the specific requirements for density and mechanical properties: high load brackets, sealed the housing, the frames of gyroscopes, stabilizers, etc. and group II — non-loaded and lightly loaded parts, rings, flanges, fittings, leaking instrument cabinets, etc.
Standards
| Name |
Code |
Standards |
| Castings with special properties (cast iron and steel) |
В83 |
KSt 81-033:2009, TU 4112-78269737-008-05 |
| Castings, steel |
В82 |
GOST 977-88, OST 24.920.01-80, OST 3-4365-79, OST 1 80059-83, OST 5Р.9285-95, TU 108.11.352-87, TU 108-23.45-88 |
| Solid alloys, metal-ceramic products and powders, metal |
В56 |
OST 107.750001.001-91 |
| Classification, nomenclature and general norms |
В20 |
OST 84-218-85 |
| Welding and cutting of metals. Soldering, riveting |
В05 |
RTM 108.020.122-78 |
Chemical composition
| Standard |
C |
S |
P |
Mn |
Si |
Fe |
| KSt 81-033:2009 |
0.42-0.5 |
≤0.04 |
≤0.04 |
0.45-0.9 |
0.2-0.52 |
The rest |
Fe is the basis.
The mass fraction of S and P content is indicated for 1 group of castings from the base steel. The content of sulfur and phosphorus in the castings of groups 2 and 3, in sour and basic open-hearth steel - see Table 4a in GOST 977-88.
Mechanical characteristics
| Section, mm |
t отпуска, °C |
sT|s0,2, MPa |
σB, MPa |
d |
y, % |
kJ/m2, кДж/м2 |
Brinell hardness number, MPa |
HRC |
| Casting section 100 mm Quenching in oil from 830 °C |
| - |
200 |
- |
≥1810 |
- |
- |
- |
≥550 |
- |
| Hardening HDTV + low vacation, chilling in the water |
| - |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
42-56 |
| Casting section 100 mm Quenching in oil from 830 °C |
| - |
300 |
- |
≥1670 |
≥2 |
≥3 |
- |
≥500 |
- |
| Normalization at 860-880 °C + vacation at 630-650 °C |
| - |
- |
≥290 |
≥520 |
≥10 |
≥18 |
≥240 |
148-217 |
- |
| Casting section 100 mm Quenching in oil from 830 °C |
| - |
400 |
- |
≥1390 |
≥4 |
≥9 |
- |
≥450 |
- |
| Castings for shipbuilding. Normalization at 860-890 °C + vacation at 630-670 °C, air cooling |
| - |
- |
≥320 |
≥550 |
≥12 |
≥20 |
≥300 |
153-183 |
- |
| Casting. Hardening in air, 860-880 °C + vacation at 600-630 °C, air cooling |
| 100 |
- |
≥392 |
≥589 |
≥10 |
≥20 |
≥245 |
- |
- |
| Casting. Normalization at 860-880 °C + vacation at 600-630 °C, air cooling |
| 100 |
- |
≥314 |
≥540 |
≥12 |
≥20 |
≥294 |
143-241 |
- |
Description mechanical marks
| Name |
Description |
| Section |
Section |
| sT|s0,2 |
Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2% |
| σB |
Limit short-term strength |
| d |
Elongation after rupture |
| y |
The relative narrowing |
| kJ/m2 |
Toughness |
| HRC |
Rockwell hardness (indenter diamond spheroconical) |
Physical characteristics
| Temperature |
r, кг/м3 |
l, Вт/(м · °С) |
a, 10-6 1/°С |
С, Дж/(кг · °С) |
| 0 |
7800 |
- |
- |
- |
| 20 |
7800 |
- |
- |
- |
| 100 |
- |
68 |
116 |
470 |
| 200 |
- |
55 |
- |
470 |
| 400 |
- |
36 |
- |
483 |
| 500 |
- |
32 |
- |
- |
| 300 |
- |
- |
116 |
- |
| 600 |
- |
- |
- |
525 |
| 800 |
- |
- |
- |
571 |
A description of the physical symbols
| Name |
Description |
| Е |
The normal elasticity modulus |
| G |
Modulus of elasticity shear torsion |
| r |
Density |
| l |
Coefficient of thermal conductivity |
| С |
Specific heat |
Technological properties
| Name |
The value |
| Weldability |
Difficult weldability. Method of welding: SMAW. Requires heating before welding and subsequent heat treatment. |
| Propensity to temper brittleness |
Tend not. |
| Flock-sensitive sensitivity |
not sensitive. |
| Workability by cutting |
In the annealed condition with 200 Kn NV TV.SPL.=1,1 Kn b.St.=0,7. |
| Defect welding |
Welding defects of castings after cutting is carried out with preliminary and attendant heating to 150-200 °C. for semi-automatic welding in carbon dioxide environment used welding wire SV-08G2S diameter of 2 mm at a current of 380-420 A. Welding defects by manual welding is done with electrodes Э50А type (GOST 9467) brand SSSI-13/55. Before mechanized welding of large defects of the edge samples, it is recommended to coat the electrodes of these brands. The thickness of the facing layer of 8-10 mm. After welding should slow cooling with rate 50 °C/h. |
