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Steel 40X13

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40Cr13 steel

Steel 40X13: Handbook of steels and alloys. Below is systematized information on the purpose, chemical composition, types of supply, substitutes, critical point temperature, physical, mechanical, technological and foundry properties for the brand — Steel 40X13.

General information about steel 40X13

The substitute for
steel 30X13
Delivery type
Sheet 40h13, circle 40h13, 40h13 wire, 40h13 bar, hexagon 40h13, pipe 40h13, section rolled products, including shaped: GOST 5949−75, GOST 2590−71, GOST 2591−71, GOST 2879−69. Calibrated bar GOST 7417−75, GOST 8559−75, GOST 8560−78. Grinded rod and silversilver GOST 14955−77, GOST 18907−73. Sheet GOST 5582−75. Wire GOST 18143−72. GOST 4405−75, GOST 103−76, GOST 18968−73 strip. Forgings and forged blanks GOST 1133−71.
Application
Cutting, measuring tools, springs, carburetor needles, household items, compressor valve plates and other parts operating at temperatures up to 400−450 ° C, as well as parts operating in corrosive environments. Corrosion-resistant martensitic steel.

Chemical composition of steel 40X13

Chemical element %
Silicon (Si), not more 0.8
Manganese (Mn), not more 0.8
Copper (Cu), not more than 0.30
Nickel (Ni), not more than 0.6
Sulfur (S), not more than 0.025
Titanium (Ti), not more than 0.2
Carbon (C) 0.36−0.45
Phosphorus (P), not more than 0.030
Chrome (Cr) 12.0−14.0

Mechanical properties of steel 40X13

Mechanical properties

Heat treatment, delivery condition Section, mm σB, MPa δ5, % HB HRCe
Rods. Hardening at 1000−1050°C, oil. Tempering at 200−300°C, cooling in air or oil. samples       >52
Grinded bars, machined to the specified strength 1−30 590−810 10    
Annealed bars >5     143−229  
Hot- or cold-rolled sheets. Annealed or tempered at 740−800°C (cross samples) <3,9 550 15    
Heat-treated wire 1−6 590−880 10    

Mechanical properties at elevated temperatures

t test,°C t tempering,°C σ0, 2, MPa σB, MPa δ5, % ψ, % KCU, J/m2 HB
Tempering at 1000 °C in oil.
  700 500 780 35 59 71 217
Hardening 1030−1050°C, air. Tempering 530 °C, holding for 2 h, cooling in air.
20   1420 1670 6 34 11  
410   1310 1360 7 36    
470   960 1130 12 45 6  
510   980 1070 12 49    
Hardening 1050 °C, air. Tempering at 600 °C, holding for 3 hours.
20   890 1120 13 32 12  
200   810 940 11 40 49  
300   710 900 10 39 69  
400   670 780 12 45 73  
500   470 520 20 77 78  
600   255 300 21 84 118  
Tempering at 1050 °C, air. Tempering at 650 °C, holding for 3 hours. At 20 °C NV 277−286
20   710 930 14 42 24  
400           93  
450   540 640 15 44    
500     540 18 67 132  
Deformed sample with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 30 mm. Deformation rate 16 mm/minute. Deformation rate 0.009 1/s.
800   120 130 64 96    
900   100 125 68 92    
950   74 90 84 96    
1000   51 75 70 98    
1050   45 57 73 100    
1100   43 53 60 98    
1150   34 40 64 100    
1200   27 35 60 100    

Mechanical properties depending on tempering temperature

t tempering temperature, °C σ0, 2, MPa σB, MPa δ5, % ψ, % KCU, J/m2 HRCe
Tempering at 1000 °C in oil.
200 1620 1840 1 2 19 52
350 1450 1710 11 22 25 50
500 1390 1680 7 9 19 51

Mechanical properties at 20 °C, depending on heat treatment

Heat treatment, delivery condition σ0, 2, MPa σB, MPa δ5, % ψ, % KCU, J/m2
1050 °C quenching with oil. Tempering at 550 °C, soaking for 10 h
Without heat soaking 940 1140 13 48 21
Heat soak 470 °C, 1000 h 870 1080 11 43  
Heat soak 470 °C, 3000 h 900 1080 13 42 23
Tempering at 1050 °C, oil. Tempering at 600 °C, holding for 3 h
Without heat soak 890 1120 13 32 11
Heat soak 450 °C, 5000 h 820 1080 12 28−31  
Heat soak 450 °C, 10000 h 840 1000 13 25−33  
Tempering at 1050 °C, oil. Tempering at 530 °C, holding for 6 hours
Heat soaking 470 °C, 500 h 930 1100 13 47 15
Heat soak 470 °C, 1000 h 880 1060 14 46  
Heat soak 470 °C, 5000 h 750 990 14 37 22

Technological properties of steel 40X13

Forging temperature
Beginning temperature 1200, ending temperature 850. Sections up to 200 mm are subjected to low-temperature annealing.
Weldability
Not applicable for welded constructions.
Machinability
In the hardened and tempered state at HB 340 and σB = 730 MPa Kυ of dv.spl. = 0.6, Kυ b.st. = 0.4.

Steel 40X13 critical point temperature

Critical point °С
Ac1 820
Ac3 870
Ar1 780
Mn 270

Impact toughness of steel 40X13

Impact toughness, KCU, J/cm2

Delivery condition, heat treatment +20 -78
Bar diameter 55 mm. 54 7

Endurance limit of 40X13 steel

σ-1, MPa σB, MPa Heat treatment, steel condition
370 880 HB 270

Corrosion properties of 40X13 steel

Medium Test temperature, °C Test duration, h Depth, mm/year
H2SO4 concentrated 20 720 0,01
H2SO4 63,4% solution 40 24 5,27
Ammonia, 24% 20 720 0,0032

Physical properties of steel 40X13

Test temperature, °С 20 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Modulus of normal elasticity, E, GPa 214 208 202 194 185 173 160      
Steel density, pn, kg/m3 7650 7630 7600 7570 7540 7510 7480 7450 7420  
Thermal conductivity coefficient W/(m — °C) 25 26 27 28 29 29 29 28 28 29
Electrical resistivity (p, nominal value — m)   786 830 890 950 998 1046 1122    
Test temperature,°C 20−100 20−200 20−300 20−400 20−500 20−600 20−700 20−800 20−900 20−1000
Coefficient of linear expansion (a, 10−6 1/°C) 10.7 11.5 11.9 12.2 12.5 12.8 13.0 13.2    
Specific heat capacity (C, J/(kg -°C)) 452 477 502 528 553 578 620 666 691