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Steel 12ХН3А

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Description

Steel 12ХН3А

Steel 12ХН3А: a brand of steels and alloys. Below is a systematized information on the purpose, chemical composition, types of supplies, substitutes, temperature of critical points, physical, mechanical, technological and casting properties for the grade — Steel 12XN3A.

General information about steel 12ХН3А

Substitute brand
steel: 12ХН2, 20ХН3А, 25ХГТ, 12Х2Н4А, 20ХНР.
Delivery type
Circle 12хн3а, long products, including shaped: GOST 4543−71, GOST 2590−71, GOST 2591−71, GOST 2879−69, GOST 10702−78. Calibrated bar GOST 10702−78, GOST 1051−73, GOST 7417−75, GOST 8559−75, GOST 8560−78. Polished bar and silver bar GOST 14955−77. Strip GOST 103−76. Forgings and forged billets GOST 1133−71. Pipes GOST 21729−76, GOST 8734−75, GOST 9567−75.
Application
Gears, shafts, worms, cam couplings, piston pins and other cemented parts that require high strength, ductility and toughness of the core and high surface hardness, operating under shock loads and at negative temperatures.

Chemical composition of steel 12ХН3А

Chemical element %
Silicon (Si) 0.17−0.37
Manganese (Mn) 0.30−0.60
Copper (Cu), no more 0.30
Nickel (Ni) 2.75−3.15
Sulfur (S), no more 0.025
Carbon (C) 0.09−0.16
Phosphorus (P), no more 0.025
Chromium (Cr) 0.60−0.90

Mechanical properties of steel 12ХН3А

Mechanical properties at elevated temperatures

test t, ° C σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2
Samples with a diameter of 28−50 mm. Annealing 880−900 ° C. Hardening 860 ° C, oil. Vacation 600 ° С, 3 h.
20 540 670 21 75 274
200 520 630 20 74 216
300 500 630 12 70 211
400 430 530 20 75 181
500 390 410 19 86 142
550 240 260 21 82  
Sample 10 mm in diameter and 50 mm long, forged and annealed. Deformation rate 5 mm / min. Strain rate 0.002 1 / s.
700 70 140 41 78  
800 29 89 61 97  
900 27 68 58 100  
1000 23 44 63 100  
1100 23 43 73 100  
1200 12 25 70 100  
1250 ten eighteen 67 100  

Mechanical properties depending on the tempering temperature

vacation t, ° С σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2 HB
Billets with a diameter of 70 mm. Hardening 800 ° C, oil.
200 1270 1370 12 60 98 400
300 1130 1270 thirteen 68 78 380
400 1080 1200 fourteen 68 83 375
500 930 1030 19 70 118 280
600 670 730 24 75 167 230

Mechanical properties depending on the section

Section, mm σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2 HRC e
False lementation at 910 ° C, 9 h. Hardening at 810 ° C, oil. Vacation 200 ° C, in the air
ten 1080 1220 thirteen 60 157 35
fifteen 780 980 sixteen 65 152 32
20 730 880 sixteen 70 165 thirty
25 640 830 20 70 192 28

Mechanical properties of the bar

Section, mm σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2 HB HRC e
Hardening 860 ° C, water or oil. Hardening 760−810 ° C, water or oil. Vacation 180 ° C, air or oil.
fifteen 685 930 eleven 55 88    
Cementation 920−950 ° C. Hardening 800−820 ° C, oil. Vacation 160−200 ° С, air.
60 830 980 12 55 118 303 59−64
100 690 830 ten 50 78 250 57−63

Technological properties of steel 12ХН3А

Forging temperature
Beginning 1220, end 800. Sections up to 100 mm are cooled in air, 101−300 mm — in a pit.
Weldability
limited. RDS, ADS under flux.
Machinability by cutting
In hot-rolled condition at HB 183−187 K υ tv.spl. = 1.26, K υ b.st. = 0.95.
Tendency to release ability
inclined
Flock sensitivity
sensitive

Temperature of critical points of steel 12ХН3А

Critical point ° C
Ac1 715
Ac3 773
Ar3 726
Ar1 659
Mn 380

Impact strength of steel 12ХН3А

Impact strength, KCU, J / cm 2

Delivery status, heat treatment +20 -40
A bar with a section of 10 mm. Hardening 850 С, oil. Vacation 200 C, 1 hour HRCэ 37 127 103
A bar with a section of 10 mm. Gas carburizing 910 C, 3 h. Quenching 810 C, oil. Vacation 200 С, 1 hour HRCэ 58. 42 fourteen

Endurance limit of steel 12ХН3А

σ -1, MPa τ -1, MPa n σ B, MPa σ 0.2, MPa Heat treatment, steel condition
382     960 680 HB 323
338 230   730 610 HB 238
382−461 216−255 1E + 6 690    
441 245   910    

Hardenability of steel 12ХН3А

Tempering 840 C.

Distance from the end, mm / HRC e
1.5 3 4.5 6 7.5 nine 12 fifteen 21 27
38.5−43 37−43 35−42 31.5−41 25−40.5 22−38.5 35 32 28.5 26.5
Amount of martensite,% Crit. Diam. in water, mm Crit. Diam. in oil, mm
50 32−65 20−50
95 18−29 10−17

Physical properties of steel 12ХН3А

Test temperature, ° С 20 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Normal elastic modulus, E, GPa 200                  
Density of steel, pn, kg / m 3 7850 7830 7800 7760 7720 7680 7640      
Thermal conductivity coefficient W / (m ° С)   31     26          
Test temperature, ° С 20−100 20−200 20−300 20−400 20−500 20−600 20−700 20−800 20−900 20−1000
Linear expansion coefficient (a, 10−6 1 / ° С) 11.8 13.0 14.0 14.7 15.3 15.6        
Specific heat (C, J / (kg ° C))       528 540 565        

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