GOST 18296-72
GOST 18296−72 Processing surface plastic deformation. Terms and definitions
GOST 18296−72
Group B00
STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR
PROCESSING BY SURFACE PLASTIC DEFORMATION
Terms and definitions
Surface Working. Terms and Definitions
The validity of c 01.01.74
to 01.01.79*
__________________________________
* Limit of validity cancelled
(ICS, No. 3, 1980). — Note
manufacturer database.
DEVELOPED
All-Union scientific-research Institute for normalization in mechanical engineering (VNIINMASH)
The Director candidate. tech. Sciences, Verchenko V. R.
The head of the candidate. tech. Sciences Kubarev A. I.
Responsible candidate. tech. Sciences A. M. Usov
All-Union scientific research Institute of technical information, classification and coding (VNIIKI)
The Director candidate. tech. Sciences Panfilov E. A.
The head of the candidate. tech. Sciences Sukhov N. To.
Performers: candidate. tech. Sciences Nikiforov, V. P., Morozova, E. A., engineer
MADE of all-Union scientific-research Institute for normalization in mechanical engineering (VNIINMASH)
The Director candidate. tech. Sciences, Verchenko V. R.
READY FOR ADOPTION
Department of General technical standards and Technical management of the USSR state standard
Head of Department Saburova M. sh.
St. engineer Rasiwasia N. T.
Department of standardization methods to ensure reliability of machinery all-Union scientific-research Institute for normalization in mechanical engineering (VNIINMASH)
The head of the candidate. tech. Sciences Kubarev A. I.
Responsible candidate. tech. Sciences A. M. Usov
APPROVED by the State standards Committee of the USSR Council of Ministers on 24 November 1972 (Protocol No. 170)
The Chairman of the branch scientific and technical Committee Deputy Chairman of Gosstandart of the USSR Vladimir Tkachenko
Members: Lyamin B. N., Sharonov G. N., Burdenkov G. K., Party J. E., Gliches A. V., Marchenko V. P., Panfilov E. A.
Promulgated by Decree of the State Committee of standards of Ministerial Council of the USSR of 25 December 1972 2322 N
This standard sets used in science, engineering and manufacturing of terms and definitions of basic concepts in the field of processing by surface plastic deformation.
The terms set out in this standard are mandatory for use in all types of documentation, manuals, tutorials, technical and reference literature.
For each concept has a single standardized term. To use the terms — synonyms of the normalized term is prohibited. Unacceptable for use synonymous terms given in the standard as a reference and is marked with the note «NDP».
For certain of the standardized terms in standard given their short forms, the use of which is permitted in cases precluding various interpretations.
The standard standardized terms are in bold, their short forms — the light and the invalid — italic.
In the two applications. In the recommended Annex I the rules for formation of additional terms, and in reference Appendix 2 — explanation of terms and definitions and examples.
In the standard as reference is given to foreign equivalents in German (D) English (E) languages.
The standard is an alphabetical index of the contained terms.
| The term |
Definition | |
GENERAL CONCEPTS | ||
1. Surface plastic deformation (PPD) |
Pressure treatment, in which plastically deform only the surface layer of the material | |
| 2. Static surface plastic deformation | Surface plastic deformation under static interaction of a deformable material with the tool, the working bodies or the environment | |
3. Impact surface plastic deformation |
Surface plastic deformation under shock interaction of a deformable material with the tool, the working bodies or the environment | |
| 4. Vibrating surface plastic deformation | Surface plastic deformation when the relative vibration of the tool or of the working bodies and deformable material | |
| 5. Ultrasonic surface plastic deformation |
Vibrating surface plastic deformation with ultrasonic vibration frequency | |
| 6. Hydraulic surface plastic deformation |
Surface plastic deformation using fluid as working medium | |
| 7. Pneumatic surface plastic deformation |
Surface plastic deformation with the use of compressed air as working medium | |
| 8. Combined surface plastic deformation | Surface plastic deformation performed simultaneously by several processing techniques | |
| 9. Combined surface plastic deformation |
Surface plastic deformation, performed in sequence by several methods | |
| 10. Surface plastic forming | Surface plastic deformation, forming some macro — and (or) microgeometrical the shape of the surface of a deformable material | |
11. Smoothing |
Surface plastic deformation, which reduces the surface roughness of a deformable material | |
| 12. The control of surface plastic deformation |
Surface plastic deformation, changing the dimensions of the workpiece to acceptable | |
13. Surface hardening (PN) |
Surface plastic deformation with a change in the structure of the material without complete recrystallization | |
| 14. Intense surface hardening | Surface hardening in which the material is statically stressed state | |
15. Hardening surface hardening |
Strengthening the resilience of the material of the workpiece or the destruction or permanent deformation of the surface hardening | |
PROCESSING METHODS OF SURFACE PLASTIC DEFORMATION | ||
| 16. Rolling NDP. Knurling D. Walzen Rollen E. Rolling |
Surface plastic deformation for the rolling tool along the surface of a deformable material | |
| 17. Hardening rolling D. Festwalzen E. Deep rolling |
Rolling, which is surface hardening | |
| 18. Smoothing rolling D. Glattwalzen Feinwalen E. Rolling finishing |
Rolling, at which the smoothing | |
| 19. Forming rolling D. Formwalzen E. Form rolling |
Rolling, which results in certain macro — and (or) microgeometrical the shape of the surface | |
20. Gauge rolling |
Rolling, in which the calibration | |
| 21. Drums rolling | Formation of the shock interaction of the deforming material with the tool | |
| 22. Vibratory rolling Fibronectine |
The rolling vibration of the tool in the direction tangent to the surface of a deformable material | |
| 23. Surface rolling NDP. Running |
Rolling upon the convex or flat surface of a deformable material | |
24. Surface rolling |
Rolling on the concave surface of a deformable material | |
25. Surface burnishing |
Surface plastic deformation when the forward sliding of the mandrel for covering the surface of a deformable material | |
| 26. Surface reduction | Surface plastic deformation when the forward slide die for they covered the surface of a deformable material | |
| 27. Shot blasting D. Kugelstrahlen E. Shot peening Shot blasting |
Surface plastic deformation of shot strikes on the deformable material | |
| 28. Drobiarska processing | Combined surface plastic deformation, consisting of blast cleaning and polishing of the abrasive particles | |
| 29. Tumbling D. Trommeln E. Tumbling |
Surface plastic deformation by impact of loose workpieces and working bodies in a closed volume during their movement caused by the rotation of the working body | |
| 30. Hydraulic, vibratory finishing Gidrogelevye |
- | |
| 31. Vibratory tumbling Mass or vibratory finishing |
- | |
32. Vibration shock treatment |
Vibrating impact surface plastic deformation of workpieces is fixed working bodies in a confined space | |
| 33. Hydraulic vibro treatment Hydrovibrator processing NDP. Gidrolabilna processing |
- - - | |
| 34. Percussion-drum processing | Surface plastic deformation by the collision is fixed in the drum of the workpieces with the working bodies falling due to its rotation | |
| 35. Centrifugal processing | Surface plastic deformation by blows of instruments under the influence of centrifugal force | |
| 36. Machining brush | Surface plastic deformation of the bumps of the ends of the pile rotating mechanical brush | |
37. Chasing |
Surface plastic deformation during the reciprocating relative movement of tool and deformable material | |
| 38. Hardening chasing |
Chasing, in which there is a hardening surface hardening | |
39. Relief embossing |
Embossing, by which a deformable material formed relief image | |
| 40. A seal chasing D. Dichten Is E. Caulking |
Chasing, at which the joint sealing surfaces | |
41. Gauge chasing |
Chasing, at which the calibration | |
| 42. Smoothing | Surface plastic deformation when the slide tool is locally in contact with it the surface of a deformable material | |
| 43. Vibrating smoothing Fibromylagia |
- | |
Glattung
ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF TERMS
| Fibromylagia | 43 |
| Mass or vibratory finishing | 31 |
| Fibronectine | 22 |
| Smoothing | 42 |
| The smoothing vibration | 43 |
| Tumbling | 29 |
| Tumbling vibrating | 31 |
| Tumbling hydraulic | 30 |
| Gidrogelevye | 30 |
| The surface plastic deformation (PPD) | 1 |
| The plastic deformation of the surface vibration | 4 |
| The plastic deformation of the surface of the hydraulic | 6 |
| The plastic deformation of the surface of the gauge | 12 |
| The plastic deformation of the surface combined | 9 |
| The plastic deformation of the surface pneumatic | 7 |
| The plastic deformation of the surface combined | 8 |
| The plastic deformation of the surface static | 2 |
| The ultrasonic surface plastic deformation | 5 |
| The plastic deformation of the shock surface | 3 |
| The buttoning — | 25 |
| The burnishing surface | 25 |
| Burnishing rotary | 25 |
| Knurling | 16 |
| Rolling | 16 |
| Rolling vibrating | 22 |
| Rolling bearing | 20 |
| Rolling smoothing | 18 |
| Rolling drums | 21 |
| Rolling reinforcing | 17 |
| Rolling forming | 19 |
| Hardening surface (PN) | Thirteen |
| Hardening of the surface tensioned | 14 |
| Running | 23 |
| The rolling surface | 23 |
| The processing of the vibration | 32 |
| Processing februarymay | 32 |
| Processing vibro | 32 |
| Processing of vibro hydraulic | 33 |
| Processing hydrovibrator | 33 |
| Processing gidrolabilna | 33 |
| Shot blasting | 27 |
| Processing drobiarska | 28 |
| Machining brush | 36 |
| Processing shock vibration | 32 |
| Treatment of shock-drum | 34 |
| Processing centrifugal | 35 |
| Pulling pressing | 25 |
| Rolling | 24 |
| Rolling surface | 24 |
| Reducing surface | 26 |
| Smoothing | 11 |
| Hardening surface hardening | 15 |
| Shaping plastic surface | 10 |
| Chasing | 37 |
| Chasing gauge | 41 |
| Chasing relief | 39 |
| Embossing seal | 40 |
| Chasing the reinforcing | 38 |
ANNEX 1 GOST 18296−72 (recommended). The regulations governing the establishment of additional terms of General concepts and processing methods of surface plastic deformation
ANNEX 1 GOST 18296−72
Recommended
Terms of the concepts of surface plastic deformation (PPD) and surface hardening (PN) are formed by adding the terms «surface plastic deformation and surface hardening» of adjectives that determine the sign of the new concepts. For example, the concept of surface plastic deformation performed by the strokes of a vibrating tool, called the term «vibro-impact surface plastic deformation». Is formed similarly, the term «vibro-impact surface shot peening», etc.
Terms of concepts of processing of surface plastic deformation are formed similarly. For example, the term coinage executed by the collision of tool with deformable material, is formed by adding to the generic term «coinage» of the adjective «shock» — «shock chasing», a term the coinage executed by the static interaction of the tool with deformable material, the addition of the adjective «static» — «static chasing», etc.
ANNEX 2 to GOST 18296−72 (reference). EXPLANATION OF TERMS AND DEFINITIONS AND EXAMPLES
ANNEX 2 to GOST 18296−72
Reference
To the term 1. «Surface plastic deformation (PPD)"
PPD can be performed with the heating surface of a deformable layer, for example, high-frequency currents to different temperatures and at room temperature. Depending on the temperature and properties of the wrought material this is achieved by the increased plasticity that facilitates PPD, or a change in the structure, including hardening.
Tool for PPD may be roller, ball-roller with a free axis of rotation, pin-stamping, etc.
Work for PPD can be shot, balls of steel, glass, plastic and other materials, etc.
The working environment in the FPD may be a liquid, gas and slurries with abrasive particles.
To term 2. «Static surface plastic deformation».
For the static interaction of a deformable material with the tool, the working bodies or the environment with static PPD conventionally understood interaction in which inertial forces do not have a significant effect on the deformation characteristics.
To the term 3. «Impact of surface plastic deformation"
A special case of PPD impact PPD is explosive.
To term 8. «Combined surface plastic deformation"
Examples of processing methods combined PDP drums are rolling, combining rolling percussion and stamping, rabearivony treatment, a combination of shot blasting and polishing with abrasive particles related to the field of machining.
To term 9. «Combined surface plastic deformation"
Examples of the combined PPD is forming rolling (threads, splines, etc.) with the subsequent hardening or the rolling bearing (rolling, rolling), shot blasting etc.
The term 10. «Surface plastic shaping"
Examples of surface plastic forming of forming are rolling, relief embossing, etc.
The term 11. «Smoothing"
Smoothing is achieved by rolling (rolling, rolling), burnishing, smoothing, etc.
The term 13. «Surface hardening (PN)"
Depending on the temperature at which there is MON, there are «low-temperature PN» and «PN high temperature».
Hardening the entire cross section of material or workpiece, in contrast to the surface, is called the bulk.
The term 15. «Hardening of surface-shot peening"
The criterion for hardening surface hardening can be the degree of increase of fatigue strength and surface hardness.
The term 19. «Forming rolling"
Formative formation of the surface layer of the workpiece at high or room temperature get carving, fluting, splines, teeth, etc.
The term 21. «Rolling drums"
At shock formation to a constant rolling force with the aim of increasing the effectiveness of PPD are added to the impacts in the direction of effort of the rolling
To the term 22. «Rolling vibration"
Vibratory rolling is used for the formation of micro-relief, having the form of sine waves, the location of which relative to each other depends on the amplitude of vibration of the tool feed and speed of rotation or longitudinal displacement of the workpiece.
The term 23. «Surface rolling"
Unlike the surface, the orbital forging in which the billet plastic deformation is attached a cylindrical shape, is called the bulk.
The term 24. «Surface rolling"
In contrast to the surface, rolling, during which substantially changes the diameter of the workpiece, called three-dimensional.
Surface rolling, and rolling, can be strengthening, smoothing, shaping, control, shock, vibration, etc.
The term 25. «Surface burnishing"
Unlike surface burnishing, in which substantially change the diameter of the workpiece, called three-dimensional.
Depending on the result of durnovaria (smoothing, calibration, hardening) distinguish between «smoothing burnishing», «gauge burnishing», «hardening burnishing».
To term 26. «Surface reduction"
Unlike the surface, the reduction, which substantially changes the diameter of the workpiece, called three-dimensional.
Depending on the result of the reduction (smoothing, calibration, hardening) distinguish the «smooth reduction», «reduction gauge», «active reduction».
The term 27. «Shot blasting"
Depending on the source of the kinetic energy of the fraction (a jet of gas, liquid, gas with liquid, the rotation of the rotor of shot blasted, free fall) distinguish between «blasting», «gidrodrobestruynoe processing», «pneumohydrodrives processing», «blast processing», «gravity shot blasting».
Under the understand fraction rounded body of various materials, including beads.
A kind of blasting is «pneumodynamic processing», in which the balls (shot) in a closed volume to move up by a jet of air and in contact with the workpiece. After that balls drop down again and are addicted to up the air flow bypassing the bunker, usually available in all installations for blast cleaning.
The term 35. «Centrifugal processing».
Tools when the centrifugal processing can be balls, strikers with spherical ends, washers, etc., which are located in the radial sockets of the rotating rotor.
The term 36. «Machining brush"
Pile mechanical brushes may be wire or thread of different elastic materials.
The term 37. «Coinage"
Depending on the nature of the application of the deforming force (static shock) distinguish between «static mint», «coinage shock».
Chasing, in which there is plastic deformation over the entire section of material, for example, striking of vessels from copper and silver plates of coins is called by volumetric stamping.
The term 42. «Smoothing"
The smoothing is applied to smooth and surface hardening of products predominantly from solid metal materials.
Tool for smoothing is made of diamond, CBN, carbide and may have a working surface in the form of a sphere, cylinder, narrow faces of the prism.
To the term 43. «Vibrational smoothing"
Vibrating smoothing is used for surface hardening and the formation of micro-relief, having the form of sine waves, the location of which relative to each other depends on the amplitude of vibration of the tool feed and speed of rotation or longitudinal movement of the workpiece, mainly of rigid metal materials.
