GOST 9722-97

• gost-9722-97.pdf (515.72 KiB)
  ГОСТ 9722-97

GOST 9722−97 Nickel Powder. Specifications

GOST 9722−97

Group 56

INTERSTATE STANDARD

NICKEL POWDER

Specifications

Nickel powder. Specifications

ISS 77.040
GST 17 9330

Date of introduction 1998−01−01

Preface

1 DEVELOPED by the Russian Federation, Technical Committee TC 370 «Nickel, cobalt"

INTRODUCED by Gosstandart of Russia

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for standardization, Metrology and certification (Protocol No. 11−97 from 23−26 April 1997)

The adoption voted:

3 Resolution of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for standardization, Metrology and certification dated 15 October 1997, 353 N interstate standard GOST 9722−97 introduced directly as state standard of the Russian Federation from January 1, 1998

4 REPLACE GOST 9722−79

5 REISSUE. May 2011

1 Scope

This standard applies to Nickel powder manufactured by carbonyl, or by the electrolytic method, intended for fabrication by powder metallurgy and other purposes.

The standard does not apply to Nickel powder obtained by recovery of the Nickel compounds.

2 Normative references

The present standard features references to the following standards:

GOST 12.1.005−88 standards System of labor safety. General hygiene requirements for working zone air

GOST 12.1.007−76 System of standards of occupational safety. Harmful substances. Classification and General safety requirements

GOST 12.3.009−76 System of standards of occupational safety. The work of loading and unloading. General safety requirements

GOST 12.4.021−75 System safety standards. System ventilation. General requirements

GOST 2226−88* paper Bags. Specifications
_______________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation GOST R 53361−2009.


GOST 2991−85 wooden disposable Boxes for loads up to 500 kg. General specifications

GOST 5044−79 thin-walled steel Drums for chemical products. Specifications

GOST 5556−81 Wool medical hygroscopic. Specifications

GOST 6012−98* Nickel. Methods of chemical-atomic-emission spectral analysis
________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation the document is not valid. Standards 6012−2011, here and hereafter. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

GOST 6128−81 metal Banks for chemical products. Specifications

GOST 6613−86 Grids wire woven with square cells. Specifications

GOST 9078−84 flat Pallets. General specifications

GOST 10157−79 Argon gaseous and liquid. Specifications

GOST 10727−91 unidirectional glass Threads. Specifications

GOST 13047.1−2002* Nickel. Methods for determination of Nickel

________________
* Probably a mistake of the original, here and hereafter. GOST 13047.1−2002 has the name «Nickel. Cobalt. General requirements for methods of analysis». — Note the manufacturer’s database.

GOST 13047.2−2002* Nickel. Methods for determination of carbon
________________
* Probably a mistake of the original, here and hereafter. GOST 13047.2−2002 has the name «Nickel. Cobalt. Methods for determination of Nickel in Nickel». The Name «Nickel. Cobalt. Methods for determination of carbon» has the GOST 13047.6−2002. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

GOST 13047.3−2002* Nickel. Methods of determining sulphur
________________
* Probably a mistake of the original, here and hereafter. GOST 13047.3−2002 has the name «Nickel. Cobalt. Methods for determination of cobalt in cobalt». The Name «Nickel. Cobalt. Methods of determining sulphur» has GOST 13047.7−2002. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

GOST 14192−96 Marking of cargo

GOST 15102−75 the universal metal closed Container of nominal gross mass 5,0 t Technical specifications

GOST 17811−78 polyethylene Bags for chemical products. Specifications

GOST 18300−87 ethyl rectified technical. Specifications

GOST 18318−94 Powder metal. Determination of particle size by dry sieving

GOST 18477−79* Containers of universal. The types, basic parameters and dimensions
_______________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation GOST R 53350−2009.


GOST 18896−73 steel thick-walled Drums for chemical products. Specifications

GOST 19433−88 dangerous Cargo. Classification and marking

GOST 19440−94 Powder metal. Determination of bulk density. Part 1. Method using funnel. Part 2. Method volumemeter Scott

GOST 19667−74 a specialized group Container of gross mass 5,0 t, for unit loads

GOST 20435−75 the universal metal closed Container of nominal gross mass 3,0 t specifications

GOST 20461−75 Helium gas. Method of determining volume of fraction of emission spectral analysis

GOST 21029−75 aluminium Barrels for chemical products. Specifications

GOST 21140−88 Tara. System sizes

GOST 21241−89 Tweezers medical. General technical requirements and test methods

GOST 21650−76 means of fastening of package cargoes in transport packages. General requirements

GOST 23148−98 Powder metal. Methods of sampling and sample preparation

GOST 24597−81 the packaged goods. Basic parameters and dimensions

GOST 25086−87* non-ferrous metals and their alloys. General requirements for methods of analysis
________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation the document is not valid. Standards 25086−2011, here and hereafter. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

GOST 25336−82 Glassware and equipment laboratory glass. The types, basic parameters and dimensions

GOST 26319−84 Loads of threat. Packaging

GOST 26663−85 transport Packs. Formation with the use of packaging. General technical requirements

GOST 29298−2005 cotton and mixed household. General technical requirements

3 of grade and technical requirements

3.1 chemical composition of carbonyl Nickel powder is divided into groups: Y, 0, 1, 2; electrolytic Nickel powder, into groups 1 and 2.

3.2 In the bulk density of carbonyl Nickel powder is divided into groups: T — heavy, L — light, K — coarse. Each group is divided into subgroups: T — 1, 2, 3, 4; L — 5, 6, 7, 8; C 9, 10.

3.3 Carbonyl Nickel powder groups At 0, 1, and 2 can be produced with different characteristics for bulk density in accordance with table 1.


Table 1

3.4 Examples of symbols

3.4.1 Nickel Powder carbonyl (NCP), the zero of the group according to the chemical composition, heavy, the first subgroup of the bulk density:

PNK-0ТІ*

________________
* The text of the document matches the original. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

3.4.2 Nickel Powder electrolytic (PNE), the first group according to the chemical composition:

Pne-1

3.5 Nickel powder must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard for technological regulations approved in the prescribed manner. Chemical composition of carbonyl Nickel powder should conform to the standards specified in table 2, the electrolytic powder in table 3.


Table 2 — Chemical composition of carbonyl Nickel powder

End of table 2

Table 3 — Chemical composition of electrolytic Nickel powder

3.6 particle Size of the Nickel powder should conform to the standards given in table 4.


Table 4

3.7 bulk density of carbonyl Nickel powder shall conform to the values specified in table 5.


Table 5

3.8 bulk density electrolytic Nickel powder shall conform to the values specified in table 6.


Table 6

4 General requirements

4.1 Marking

4.1.1 Marking of consumer packaging is carried out using paper labels applied with the following data:

— the trademark or of the trademark and the symbol of the manufacturer;

— the name and brand of product;

— batch number;

— number of package units;

the weight of the packing unit;

— the date of issue.

4.1.2 Transport marking under GOST 14192. Sign of danger according to GOST 19433, grade 9, category 915, classification code 9153.

4.2 Packaging

4.2.1 Nickel powder is packaged in a plastic container with a capacity not exceeding 50 DMaccording to the normative document (ND) [1] or in tins of a capacity not exceeding 3 DMaccording to GOST 6128, or in steel drums according to GOST 5044 and GOST 18896, or in aluminium drums according to GOST 21029, or in steel barrels according to the normative document [2]. Powder, Packed in drums and barrels, after falling asleep in polyethylene bags according to GOST 17811 or in three-layer paper bags according to GOST 2226.

Allowed to pack powder in polyethylene bags according to GOST 17811, in addition it is placed in a three-layer paper bags brand NM or BM at GOST 2226. The neck plastic bags are made, paper — wrapped stitch or hand or other means.

By agreement with the consumer allowed to pack the powder in other types of metal shipping containers and other packaging and containers, made by LP, agreed by IPS and ensure the safety of the products.

The mechanical strength, methods of control and marking of packaging — according to GOST 26319.

4.2.2 Plastic packages, cans and bags of powder are additionally placed in wooden boxes of types I-III according to GOST 2991, size according to GOST 21140 or containers SK-3−1,5 according to the normative document [3], or in containers UUK-3 according to GOST 20435 and type UUK-5 according to GOST 15102, or form in packs with the use of pallets according to GOST 9078 and in accordance with the requirements of GOST 26663. Funds bonds — according to GOST 21650. The dimensions and weight of packages — according to GOST 24597. When transporting small shipments the powder should be Packed in wooden boxes.

4.2.3 the gross Weight of wooden boxes must not exceed 200 kg, drum and barrel — 250 kg.

5 safety Requirements

5.1 Nickel powder not combustible auto-ignition temperature 470 °C, fire — and explosion when the concentration of powder in air is not more than 220 g/m.

5.2 Maximum permissible concentration of aerosols of Nickel powder in terms of Nickel in the air of working zone of production areas 0.05 mg/maccording to GOST 12.1.005.

5.3 Nickel powder refers to 1-mu class of danger according to GOST 12.1.007.

Nickel powder irritates the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract. When injected into the human body strikes the tissue of the lungs and has obselecence action.

5.4 Working with Nickel powder should be provided with personal protective equipment in accordance with the rules of issue of special clothes, special footwear and other means of protection, approved in the established procedure.

5.5 for the purpose of collective protection must be provided for sealing equipment.

Production and laboratory premises in which the work is carried out with Nickel powder, must be equipped with forced ventilation according to GOST 12.4.021 providing state of the air environment in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.1.005.

Monitoring of air environment is carried out according to GOST 12.1.005 and GOST 12.1.007.

5.6. During loading and unloading of Nickel powder must be complied with safety requirements according to GOST 12.3.009.

5.7 In aerial environment and waste waters in the presence of other substances or factors of the Nickel powder of toxic compounds do not form.

5.8 Neutralization and destruction of Nickel powder can not be. Leaked product after the dry and subsequent wet cleaning is utilized in technological processes of obtaining or consumption of Nickel powder.

6 acceptance Rules

6.1 Nickel powder take parties. The party must consist of a powder of the same brand drawn up by one document on quality. The weight of the batch of carbonyl Nickel powder should be not more than 10 tons of electrolytic Nickel powder — 0.5 T.

The document about quality should contain:

— a trademark (or name of the manufacturer and trademark);

— name and designation of the product;

— the batch number;

— mass of lot (gross and net);

— the number of packages in the shipment;

— the results of the analysis of the chemical composition, particle size, bulk density or confirmation of compliance with the requirements of this standard;

— date of issue;

— the designation of this standard.

6.2 To verify compliance with quality Nickel powders with the requirements of this standard from the party taking the sample in accordance with table 7.


Table 7

Bulk density of powders PNK-1L6, PNK-PNK and 1L7−1L8 must meet the requirements of table 5 in each tank, it is allowed the presence of another powder bulk density: not more than 5% by weight of the party.

6.3 Mass fraction in the Nickel carbonyl powder of impurities of copper, magnesium, arsenic, zinc, sulfur, phosphorus, cadmium, bismuth, manganese, tin, lead, antimony, and calcium is determined by the requirement of the user.

6.4 particle Size carbonyl Nickel powders is determined periodically, once a month, or at the request of the consumer. The particle size of the powders PNK-PNK and 1L7−1L8 determined in each batch.

6.5 Upon receipt of unsatisfactory results for at least one indicator thereon, a second test at twice the sample taken from the same batch. The results of repeated tests spread to the entire party.

6.6 To verify compliance with the requirements of the standard in the presence of a guaranteed technology, the manufacturer may use statistical acceptance inspection of batches of the Nickel powder.

7 control Methods

7.1 Sampling and sample preparation

7.1.1. Sampling is carried out according to GOST 23148.

7.1.2 Selected spot samples are thoroughly mixed, the resulting merged sample reduce kvantovanie to the finished sample weighing not less than 500 g.

7.1.3 prepared sample divided into two equal parts. One part is subjected to tests, the other is Packed in tightly sealed jars and store within the warranty period of storage in case of disagreements in quality assessment. Each Bank must be provided with a label, which indicate:

— the name of the manufacturer;

— the name of the product;

— the batch number;

— the date of sampling.

7.2 Mass fraction of carbon and sulfur determined by chemical method according to the GOST and GOST 13047.2 13047.3, and other impurities — spectral method for GOST 6012.

Mass fraction of Nickel in the Nickel carbonyl powder is determined by the difference between the 100% and the sum of mass fraction is continuously determined by the impurities (carbon, iron, cobalt and silicon) and mass fraction of other impurities, are taken according to table 2.

Mass fraction of Nickel in electrolytic Nickel powder is determined by the difference between the 100% and the sum of the normalized mass fraction of impurities (table 3).

7.3 determination of the oxygen on the automatic analyzer

7.3.1 the essence of the method

The method of determining the mass fraction of oxygen based on reaction between oxygen in the sample with carbon in a graphite crucible at a melt temperature in a current of inert gas with the formation of carbon monoxide (II). The gas mixture passes through a column of heated copper oxide (II), where the oxidation of carbon monoxide (II) to carbon monoxide (IV). The gas stream containing carbon oxide (IV), passes through a thermal conductivity detector. The change of thermal conductivity of the gas mixture is proportional to the oxygen content in the sample. By comparison, gas is an inert gas directed as a separate stream into the detector.

7.3.2 General requirements for methods of analysis GOST 25086-safety requirements — according to GOST 13047.1.

7.3.3 Equipment, reagents, solutions

Automatic analyzer for determination of oxygen with all the utensils, providing the metrological characteristics that are not inferior are given in table 8.


Table 8

Percentage

Laboratory scales General purpose type VLR-200 g or similar type.

Voltage regulator 220−300 V.

Standard samples of enterprises of the composition of the Nickel powder or state standard samples of composition of the steel SG-10.

Analyzer corresponding to the standard samples of the composition.

Stopwatch [4].

Graphite crucibles.

Hydraulic press, providing the effort is not less than 1500 N.

Press form steel punch with a diameter of 5−6 mm, a height of 50−60 mm.

Tweezers plastic.

Medical forceps according to GOST 21241.

Desiccator, 2−100, 2−250 2−140 or GOST 25336.

Askari [5].

Magnesium perchlorate (angeren).

Helium gas according to GOST 20461 or argon gas according to GOST 10157.

The technical rectified ethyl alcohol according to GOST 18300.

The optical fiber according to GOST 10727.

Medical absorbent cotton wool GOST 5556.

Fabric: cotton, coarse calico group according to GOST 29298.

7.3.4 analysis

7.3.4.1 the Inclusion of the analyzer, its warming-up, calibration, and execution analysis is performed as described in the instruction manual of the analyzer.

The definition of amendments the reference experiment is carried out in accordance with the instruction [6].

The value of the reference experiment shall not exceed 4·10%.

7.3.4.2 in the analysis of Nickel powder in the oxygen content of take the weight and mass, depending on the modification of the gas analyzer in the form of powder or compressed tablets.

At the end of the analysis to determine the rate of extraction, which should not exceed the value of the reference experience.

Mass fraction of oxygen in the powder is determined by the readings of the digital voltmeter percent.

For the results analysis be the arithmetic mean of results of three parallel measurements of the mass fraction of oxygen.

7.3.4.3 allowable Absolute discrepancies in the results of parallel measurements characterizing the convergence of the method of determination of oxygen () and the results of two analyses that characterize the repeatability of the method (a) and normalized accuracy rate () must not exceed the values given in table 8.

7.3.4.4 Control the accuracy of the results of determination of oxygen is carried out by standard samples with certified characteristics of oxygen and is carried out once a month at the same time with the batch of samples.

7.4 allowed when determining the mass fractions of all impurities in the Nickel powder to use other methods of analysis, metrological characteristics are not inferior to those specified in the standard. The differences in the assessment of the quality of the Nickel powder must be used in the methods of analysis specified in this standard.

Size 7.5 parts of Nickel carbonyl powder groups T and L are determined on a laser diffraction microanalyzer. The device consists of a measuring unit and a computer. The measuring unit contains a helium-neon laser, optical system and measuring cell. The charge of powder weighing about 20 g was dry disperser and the flow of the air supplied to the measuring unit, where particles are re-dispersed and introduced into the laser beam. The results of the measurements are given via computer in the form of graphics and tables.

7.5.1 measurement Error in the number of particles of a certain size should be no more than 3% at a confidence probability of 0.95.

Allowed measurement of the granulometric composition of powders of carbonyl groups T and L other methods of ensuring the accuracy of measurements within the limits set by the standard.

7.6 the particle Size of powder pne-1, pne-2, PNK-PNK and 2K9−2K10 determined according to GOST 18318на grids for GOST 6613.

The number of samples to determine the particle size of the powder should be not less than two. The absolute difference between parallel determinations of the appropriate fractions should not exceed 3%. For the value of the fraction be the arithmetic mean of results of parallel measurements. The sieving of sample powder was carried out for 30 min. is allowed after sieving the powders to use a set of two sieves.

7.7 Bulk density Nickel powders is determined according to GOST 19440.

For determination of apparent density of non-free-flowing powders should be used volumemeter (figure 1). To create uniform flow of the jet of powder into the funnel volumemeter it is recommended to use a small bin vibratory feeder (figure 1) mounted on a separate tripod.

Figure 1 — Volumemeter

1 big hopper; 2 — small funnel; 3 — dimensional cover; 4 — housing; 5 — a guide funnel; 6 — beaker 25 cm; 7 — the system of four plates; 8 — bin vibrating feeder

Figure 1 — Volumemeter

For lung carbonyl powders are allowed to put volumemeter on a separate stand that is not associated with a glass. In the process of working on volumemeter allowed to lightly tap on his case for off with plates the stuck powder, avoiding vibration of the glass.

When determining the bulk density of carbonyl Nickel powders the discrepancy between the results of the parallel determinations should not be more than for the group of L — 6% and group T — 3%.

8 Transportation and storage

8.1 Packed powder transporterowych all kinds of transport in covered and open vehicles in accordance with goods transportation regulations applied to this type of transport.

Universal and specialized containers are transported in open rolling stock in accordance with the technical conditions of loading and fastening of cargoes, approved by the Ministry of Railways.

It is allowed to transport Packed powder in universal and specialized low-, medium — and large-tonnage containers according to GOST 15102, GOST 18477 and GOST 19667, GOST 20435 and regulations [3], [7].

It is allowed to transport powder, Packed in a plastic container with a capacity of not more than 50 DM, in covered wagons without piling under the condition of loading and unloading on access roads of the consignor and the consignee.

8.2 the Powder should be stored in packaging, the consumer (producer) in enclosed dry heated rooms at air temperature from 0 to 35 °C.

9 manufacturer’s Warranty

9.1 the Manufacturer guarantees the quality of the powder with the requirements of this standard, subject to consumer storage conditions, established according to the standard.

9.2 the Warranty period of storage of carbonyl Nickel powder — 36 months, electrolytic Nickel powder — 12 months from date of manufacture.

9.3 after the warranty period of storage before use the powder should be checked for compliance with all requirements of this standard.

Annex a (informational). Bibliography

APPENDIX A
(informational)